{
 "id": "air-pollutant-concentrations-uk",
 "title": "Air pollution: PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide, UK",
 "category": "energy-environment",
 "summary": "Annual mean concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the UK, micrograms per cubic metre, at roadside, urban background and rural background monitoring sites.",
 "unit": "ug_m3",
 "chart": "line",
 "volatile": false,
 "status": "",
 "notes": [
  "The average of the annual means at every monitoring site of each type with enough readings that year, from Defra's air quality statistics. The sites measured change from year to year (Defra's roadside PM2.5 sites went from 23 in 2024 to 45 in 2025), so a change between years can partly reflect which sites are included.",
  "PM2.5 is measured at roadside and urban background sites since 2009; NO2 at urban background sites since 1990 and at roadside and rural sites since 1997."
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "publisher": "Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs",
  "publisher_url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-environment-food-rural-affairs",
  "source_page": "https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env02-air-quality-statistics",
  "licence": "OGL-3.0",
  "licence_name": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.",
  "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27T05:48:53Z",
  "raw_files": [
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 "meta": {
  "latest_period": "2025",
  "govuk_page": "/government/statistical-data-sets/env02-air-quality-statistics",
  "govuk_page_title": "ENV02 - Air quality statistics",
  "attachment_title": "Figure 6: Annual concentrations of PM2.5 in the UK, 2009 to 2025"
 },
 "headline": {
  "label": "PM2.5 at urban background sites",
  "value": 7.996183724077131,
  "period": "2025"
 },
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 ]
}