{
 "id": "census-household-welsh-speakers-by-council",
 "title": "Welsh speakers in the household by council, Census 2021",
 "category": "population",
 "summary": "Households of each of Wales's 22 councils by Welsh speakers in the household, Census 2021, from the ONS Census API (its “Welsh-speaking people in household (5 categories)”).",
 "unit": "count",
 "chart": "hbar",
 "volatile": false,
 "status": "",
 "notes": [
  "Census Day was the 21st of March 2021. The ONS perturbs every count slightly to protect privacy, each cell on its own, so a council's categories can add up to a total a few people different from one topic to another, and its councils add up to England's and Wales's counts only within a few dozen.",
  "By council as the ONS's Census API gives them, its lower-tier local authorities of 2023, with Barnsley's and Sheffield's figures under the codes they had until the 1st of April 2025, as the API gives them. Scotland's and Northern Ireland's censuses are separate, so their councils are not here.",
  "Every council's categories together count all its households.",
  "The question was asked in Wales only: the API puts all of England's households under “Does not apply”, so only Wales's 22 councils are here.",
  "The ONS's description of the topic, “Welsh-speaking people in household (5 categories)”: Classifies households by the ability of people within that household to speak Welsh. It categorises both adults (aged 16 years and over) and children (aged 3 to 15 years) and indicates households where none of the residents speak Welsh."
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "publisher": "Office for National Statistics (Census 2021)",
  "publisher_url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/",
  "source_page": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create",
  "licence": "OGL-3.0",
  "licence_name": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.",
  "retrieved_at": "2026-10-30T11:43:05Z",
  "raw_files": [
   {
    "name": "observations.json",
    "url": "https://api.beta.ons.gov.uk/v1/population-types/HH/census-observations?area-type=ltla23&dimensions=hh_adult_welsh_speakers",
    "sha256": "6072f42d4d9d88fa18e00e5bdedce3076aa8f4ffb8e423e8cb5ac58c71600aac",
    "bytes": 543242,
    "content_type": "application/json; charset=utf-8"
   },
   {
    "name": "dimensions.json",
    "url": "https://api.beta.ons.gov.uk/v1/population-types/HH/dimensions?limit=500",
    "sha256": "1d975dc4aefd42401ab90f911470590ac63e6faea9e8fd6f81b555127037b6d3",
    "bytes": 27052,
    "content_type": "application/json; charset=utf-8"
   }
  ]
 },
 "meta": {
  "latest_period": "2021-03-21",
  "period": "Census Day, 21 March 2021",
  "categories": [
   "All adults in household can speak Welsh",
   "At least one, but not all, adults in household can speak Welsh",
   "No adult in household can speak Welsh but at least one child aged 3 to 15 years speaks Welsh",
   "No adults or children in household can speak Welsh"
  ],
  "census_topic": "hh_adult_welsh_speakers",
  "base": "all households",
  "tier": "council",
  "chart_series": [
   "All adults in household can speak Welsh"
  ],
  "chart_areas": [
   "W06000002",
   "W06000010",
   "W06000001",
   "W06000008",
   "W06000003",
   "W06000015",
   "W06000004",
   "W06000011",
   "W06000023",
   "W06000009",
   "W06000016",
   "W06000012",
   "W06000006",
   "W06000005",
   "W06000014",
   "W06000018",
   "W06000013",
   "W06000022",
   "W06000024",
   "W06000020",
   "W06000021",
   "W06000019"
  ],
  "boundaries": "geo-boundaries-council"
 },
 "headline": {
  "label": "All adults in household can speak Welsh, highest: Gwynedd",
  "value": 26941.0,
  "period": "Census Day, 21 March 2021"
 },
 "series": [
  {
   "name": "All adults in household can speak Welsh",
   "points": [
    {
     "x": "W06000002",
     "v": 26941.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000010",
     "v": 22341.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000001",
     "v": 12961.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000008",
     "v": 10341.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000003",
     "v": 7955.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000015",
     "v": 7894.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000004",
     "v": 5518.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000011",
     "v": 5160.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000023",
     "v": 5001.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000009",
     "v": 4950.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000016",
     "v": 4630.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000012",
     "v": 4150.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000006",
     "v": 2974.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000005",
     "v": 2887.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000014",
     "v": 2321.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000018",
     "v": 2305.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000013",
     "v": 2075.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000022",
     "v": 980.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000024",
     "v": 788.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000020",
     "v": 726.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000021",
     "v": 692.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000019",
     "v": 442.0
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "At least one, but not all, adults in household can speak Welsh",
   "points": [
    {
     "x": "W06000002",
     "v": 7885.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000010",
     "v": 15842.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000001",
     "v": 5755.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000008",
     "v": 5676.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000003",
     "v": 7847.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000015",
     "v": 12661.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000004",
     "v": 5903.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000011",
     "v": 8870.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000023",
     "v": 6329.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000009",
     "v": 5956.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000016",
     "v": 10578.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000012",
     "v": 6169.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000006",
     "v": 5434.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000005",
     "v": 6395.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000014",
     "v": 4991.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000018",
     "v": 6382.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000013",
     "v": 5072.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000022",
     "v": 3673.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000024",
     "v": 1863.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000020",
     "v": 2399.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000021",
     "v": 2700.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000019",
     "v": 1500.0
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "No adult in household can speak Welsh but at least one child aged 3 to 15 years speaks Welsh",
   "points": [
    {
     "x": "W06000002",
     "v": 1045.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000010",
     "v": 2939.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000001",
     "v": 698.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000008",
     "v": 918.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000003",
     "v": 1556.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000015",
     "v": 5612.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000004",
     "v": 1306.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000011",
     "v": 3427.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000023",
     "v": 1820.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000009",
     "v": 1870.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000016",
     "v": 2969.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000012",
     "v": 1776.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000006",
     "v": 2216.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000005",
     "v": 2437.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000014",
     "v": 2091.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000018",
     "v": 2980.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000013",
     "v": 1577.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000022",
     "v": 3090.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000024",
     "v": 700.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000020",
     "v": 1844.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000021",
     "v": 1921.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000019",
     "v": 972.0
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "No adults or children in household can speak Welsh",
   "points": [
    {
     "x": "W06000002",
     "v": 15234.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000010",
     "v": 40634.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000001",
     "v": 11408.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000008",
     "v": 13958.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000003",
     "v": 34879.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000015",
     "v": 121166.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000004",
     "v": 29661.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000011",
     "v": 87505.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000023",
     "v": 47032.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000009",
     "v": 42712.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000016",
     "v": 85162.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000012",
     "v": 50280.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000006",
     "v": 47289.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000005",
     "v": 55192.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000014",
     "v": 48047.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000018",
     "v": 64590.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000013",
     "v": 53636.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000022",
     "v": 58311.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000024",
     "v": 22432.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000020",
     "v": 35273.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000021",
     "v": 35611.0
    },
    {
     "x": "W06000019",
     "v": 27422.0
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}