Unpaid carers in the household by council, Census 2021

Households of each of England's and Wales's 318 councils by unpaid carers in the household, Census 2021, from the ONS Census API (its “Number of unpaid carers in household (6 categories)”).

No unpaid carers in household, highest: Birmingham

352,386

Census Day, 21 March 2021

Verified against source, 1 November 2026, 12:19 UTC

Unpaid carers in the household by council, Census 2021

Source: Office for National Statistics (Census 2021). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Data table

318 rows

Area	No unpaid carers in household	1 unpaid carer in household	2 unpaid carers in household	3 unpaid carers in household	4 or more unpaid carers in household
Birmingham E08000025	352,386	55,065	13,250	2,052	703
Leeds E08000035	292,107	39,086	9,125	909	240
North Yorkshire E06000065	231,304	33,849	8,265	787	176
Somerset E06000066	209,906	31,762	7,552	739	161
Cornwall E06000052	207,147	33,843	8,382	904	259
Sheffield E08000019 its area before 1 April 2025	192,845	30,707	7,506	716	176
County Durham E06000047	191,882	34,306	7,802	637	134
Buckinghamshire E06000060	187,794	24,825	6,665	801	243
Manchester E08000003	183,992	24,876	4,923	700	241
Wiltshire E06000054	181,613	25,978	6,604	721	168
Bradford E08000032	174,142	27,639	6,761	983	342
Liverpool E08000012	171,778	28,748	6,085	735	145
Bristol, City of E06000023	164,335	21,803	4,777	573	150
Kirklees E08000034	148,710	22,742	5,666	689	184
West Northamptonshire E06000062	147,446	19,646	4,873	543	132
Cheshire East E06000049	147,316	21,493	5,404	522	121
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole E06000058	147,008	21,349	4,824	525	136
Dorset E06000059	140,698	22,431	5,605	432	92
Croydon E09000008	130,371	17,490	4,223	664	198
Cheshire West and Chester E06000050	128,974	20,558	5,034	496	94
Wakefield E08000036	127,242	20,584	4,744	418	87
East Riding of Yorkshire E06000011	127,228	19,722	4,657	386	74
Barnet E09000003	126,949	16,594	4,388	732	254
North Northamptonshire E06000061	125,709	18,305	4,305	473	126
Cardiff W06000015	124,363	18,096	4,220	530	124
Wandsworth E09000032	123,049	11,615	2,323	324	82
Northumberland E06000057	121,549	20,223	4,679	397	74
Lambeth E09000022	119,596	12,209	2,331	408	144
Wigan E08000010	117,685	20,074	4,775	470	101
Wirral E08000015	116,150	21,470	5,027	495	109
Shropshire E06000051	115,938	18,393	4,690	456	102
Bromley E09000006	115,776	15,551	3,872	494	134
Southwark E09000028	115,588	12,424	2,305	379	122
Ealing E09000009	115,003	14,275	3,503	650	228
Coventry E08000026	112,922	16,306	4,134	603	175
Dudley E08000027	112,040	19,375	4,995	539	120
Doncaster E08000017	110,561	18,364	4,109	373	73
Leicester E06000016	107,267	15,262	3,883	704	272
Sandwell E08000028	106,974	18,063	4,353	667	189
Lewisham E09000023	106,334	12,916	2,609	412	121
Tower Hamlets E09000030	106,218	11,211	2,460	461	189
Stockport E08000007	105,786	16,279	4,006	444	132
Nottingham E06000018	105,395	15,437	3,341	428	144
Cumberland E06000063	105,299	16,107	3,605	333	81
Brighton and Hove E06000043	104,606	13,476	2,910	338	72
Newcastle upon Tyne E08000021	103,904	15,216	3,255	355	67
Central Bedfordshire E06000056	102,244	14,234	3,692	477	108
Enfield E09000010	101,645	15,031	3,485	586	176
Brent E09000005	101,459	12,910	3,317	677	249
Sefton E08000014	99,848	18,214	4,414	479	116
Newham E09000025	99,457	12,056	2,999	692	303
South Gloucestershire E06000025	99,394	14,448	3,758	413	88
Greenwich E09000011	98,690	12,188	2,667	398	108
Sunderland E08000024	98,465	18,902	4,295	416	99
Salford E08000006	98,164	13,664	2,849	350	89
Bolton E08000001	98,092	16,189	3,973	426	110
Kingston upon Hull, City of E06000010	97,841	14,522	2,764	295	50
Milton Keynes E06000042	96,923	12,464	3,184	410	121
Plymouth E06000026	95,292	15,300	3,527	357	82
Medway E06000035	93,466	14,085	3,397	400	110
Hackney E09000012	93,096	10,426	2,064	382	113
Rotherham E08000018	92,638	16,843	3,986	377	81
Hillingdon E09000017	92,254	12,663	3,545	536	230
East Suffolk E07000244	91,819	14,874	3,626	352	77
Haringey E09000014	91,541	10,847	2,254	346	104
Stoke-on-Trent E06000021	91,391	15,123	3,385	401	100
Walsall E08000030	91,259	16,362	3,982	458	166
Waltham Forest E09000031	88,573	11,187	2,546	447	147
Hounslow E09000018	88,227	11,133	2,844	563	193
Derby E06000015	88,087	13,617	3,412	423	113
Redbridge E09000026	88,034	11,390	3,335	667	287
Barnsley E08000016 its area before 1 April 2025	87,835	16,158	3,683	312	64
Southampton E06000045	87,710	11,635	2,564	313	69
Westmorland and Furness E06000064	87,351	12,782	3,022	303	72
Wolverhampton E08000031	87,207	13,938	3,375	483	138
Swansea W06000011	85,125	15,621	3,743	383	90
Havering E09000016	85,123	12,379	3,238	429	107
Islington E09000019	84,342	10,034	1,798	265	57
Westminster E09000033	84,002	8,762	1,681	255	115
Rhondda Cynon Taf W06000016	83,197	15,892	3,759	407	84
Tameside E08000008	82,853	13,217	3,024	356	77
Swindon E06000030	81,618	10,886	2,812	429	117
Trafford E08000009	81,280	11,735	2,812	344	98
Camden E09000007	80,957	9,636	1,793	293	80
Bexley E09000004	80,171	11,690	2,923	407	109
North Tyneside E08000022	80,112	12,946	2,842	281	50
North Somerset E06000024	79,616	11,786	2,878	301	67
Oldham E08000004	76,610	13,077	2,943	390	120
Calderdale E08000033	76,071	11,297	2,758	268	82
Warrington E06000007	75,401	11,737	3,017	314	68
Harrow E09000015	75,102	10,309	3,311	686	235
Rochdale E08000005	74,711	12,246	2,826	329	111
Solihull E08000029	73,905	11,916	3,117	426	119
Portsmouth E06000044	73,830	9,879	2,110	269	66
Gateshead E08000037	73,724	12,198	2,747	270	61
York E06000014	73,599	9,377	2,256	177	50
Hammersmith and Fulham E09000013	72,436	7,245	1,335	183	45
Peterborough E06000031	71,649	10,086	2,407	296	95
Merton E09000024	70,986	8,254	2,008	357	124
Richmond upon Thames E09000027	70,225	8,260	1,908	249	64
Sutton E09000029	70,106	9,231	2,526	388	99
Herefordshire, County of E06000019	69,636	10,292	2,580	247	72
Stockton-on-Tees E06000004	69,051	11,629	2,726	289	62
West Suffolk E07000245	68,030	8,504	1,960	191	61
Colchester E07000071	67,875	9,233	2,332	226	47
Bath and North East Somerset E06000022	67,355	9,344	2,244	250	59
Bury E08000002	67,245	10,490	2,610	273	77
Luton E06000032	66,705	9,264	2,375	440	156
Southend-on-Sea E06000033	66,305	9,517	2,197	253	73
Basingstoke and Deane E07000084	65,932	8,282	2,139	226	66
Huntingdonshire E07000011	65,724	8,576	2,267	256	57
Carmarthenshire W06000010	65,691	12,425	3,171	366	106
St. Helens E08000013	64,672	12,700	3,198	380	61
New Forest E07000091	64,615	10,124	2,545	231	51
Chelmsford E07000070	64,481	8,583	2,082	198	59
Basildon E07000066	64,173	9,437	2,385	277	90
Bedford E06000055	63,819	8,544	2,164	323	100
Barking and Dagenham E09000002	62,793	8,609	2,060	314	126
Telford and Wrekin E06000020	62,382	10,835	2,848	353	92
Charnwood E07000130	62,011	9,140	2,325	245	63
Arun E07000224	60,974	9,232	2,175	226	54
Caerphilly W06000018	60,810	12,256	2,840	284	67
North Lincolnshire E06000013	60,639	9,941	2,344	203	47
Maidstone E07000110	60,185	8,417	2,199	324	83
Wokingham E06000041	59,600	7,280	2,023	214	47
Kensington and Chelsea E09000020	59,383	6,101	1,150	185	65
Reading E06000038	59,068	6,735	1,594	213	73
North East Lincolnshire E06000012	58,227	9,424	1,970	164	41
West Berkshire E06000037	57,079	7,454	1,889	185	51
Wealden E07000065	56,976	8,815	2,190	218	67
South Cambridgeshire E07000012	56,824	7,816	2,098	200	58
Kingston upon Thames E09000021	56,769	6,746	1,735	292	81
Cherwell E07000177	56,649	7,256	1,748	196	45
Thurrock E06000034	56,360	7,808	1,881	241	87
South Tyneside E08000023	56,075	9,888	2,062	209	53
King's Lynn and West Norfolk E07000146	55,969	9,015	2,189	241	49
Norwich E07000148	55,771	7,112	1,404	139	32
East Devon E07000040	55,513	8,759	2,222	239	55
Braintree E07000067	54,855	7,931	1,939	215	46
Tendring E07000076	54,730	10,113	2,315	237	56
Flintshire W06000005	54,719	9,535	2,327	263	67
Mid Sussex E07000228	54,152	7,170	1,770	201	56
Newport W06000022	54,065	9,441	2,221	271	56
Warwick E07000222	53,877	6,762	1,733	201	46
Dacorum E07000096	53,638	7,662	1,847	223	42
Isle of Wight E06000046	53,422	8,984	2,092	237	40
Canterbury E07000106	53,372	8,102	2,017	241	60
East Hertfordshire E07000242	53,216	6,897	1,700	171	37
Horsham E07000227	53,213	7,072	1,849	195	41
Blackpool E06000009	53,030	9,455	2,009	228	67
South Kesteven E07000141	52,970	7,758	1,912	182	28
Knowsley E08000011	52,911	10,382	2,387	321	72
South Oxfordshire E07000179	52,594	6,935	1,733	189	47
Windsor and Maidenhead E06000040	52,490	6,512	1,683	195	54
East Lindsey E07000137	51,749	10,235	2,450	254	66
South Norfolk E07000149	51,557	7,688	1,924	180	32
Torbay E06000027	51,196	9,163	2,309	258	69
Reigate and Banstead E07000211	51,161	6,734	1,652	225	77
Thanet E07000114	51,022	8,900	1,980	237	60
Stratford-on-Avon E07000221	50,613	6,944	1,734	134	39
Ipswich E07000202	50,566	7,037	1,639	193	70
St Albans E07000240	50,442	6,561	1,728	204	55
Breckland E07000143	50,439	7,777	1,889	212	42
Redcar and Cleveland E06000003	50,176	9,365	1,869	185	43
Bridgend W06000013	50,127	9,625	2,285	255	68
Middlesbrough E06000002	50,016	8,317	1,668	199	62
Preston E07000123	49,985	7,599	1,749	218	56
Stafford E07000197	49,979	7,830	2,025	171	42
Lancaster E07000121	49,907	7,985	1,892	168	27
Swale E07000113	49,676	8,333	2,096	286	104
Powys W06000023	49,531	8,250	2,114	224	61
Teignbridge E07000045	49,307	8,208	2,048	223	53
Vale of White Horse E07000180	49,141	6,471	1,648	178	59
Neath Port Talbot W06000012	49,118	10,409	2,526	262	63
Eastleigh E07000086	48,452	6,601	1,653	177	41
Blackburn with Darwen E06000008	48,357	8,095	1,922	293	98
Broadland E07000144	48,326	7,367	1,885	138	44
Wychavon E07000238	48,135	7,228	1,828	142	23
Elmbridge E07000207	48,086	5,867	1,395	191	51
North Hertfordshire E07000099	48,061	6,781	1,651	202	37
Guildford E07000209	47,671	6,200	1,621	216	51
Wrexham W06000006	47,546	8,236	1,904	186	43
Oxford E07000178	47,511	6,059	1,388	184	96
Vale of Glamorgan W06000014	47,137	8,033	2,033	201	46
Gloucester E07000081	47,024	6,557	1,593	174	59
Nuneaton and Bedworth E07000219	46,718	7,727	1,857	238	46
Test Valley E07000093	46,632	6,232	1,632	172	40
Amber Valley E07000032	46,229	7,810	2,033	176	29
Epping Forest E07000072	46,183	6,551	1,612	168	40
Cheltenham E07000078	45,994	5,626	1,134	130	15
Cambridge E07000008	45,962	5,124	1,201	154	31
Chichester E07000225	45,698	6,680	1,545	151	46
Pembrokeshire W06000009	45,235	7,998	1,983	214	57
Halton E06000006	45,079	8,458	2,063	287	64
Tonbridge and Malling E07000115	45,072	6,559	1,661	219	62
Waverley E07000216	44,952	5,792	1,464	181	59
Ashford E07000105	44,948	6,583	1,701	276	74
Slough E06000039	44,913	5,563	1,516	295	135
Exeter E07000041	44,741	6,143	1,437	178	55
East Hampshire E07000085	44,708	6,313	1,535	129	33
Havant E07000090	44,448	7,263	1,686	149	45
Winchester E07000094	44,322	5,749	1,444	158	42
Stroud E07000082	44,158	6,428	1,601	157	34
Newcastle-under-Lyme E07000195	43,942	7,308	1,971	159	43
Newark and Sherwood E07000175	43,569	7,481	2,033	200	48
Ashfield E07000170	43,562	8,447	2,213	239	45
East Staffordshire E07000193	43,518	6,098	1,507	131	39
Bracknell Forest E06000036	43,296	5,428	1,330	148	46
Gwynedd W06000002	43,017	6,501	1,412	145	30
Conwy W06000003	42,892	7,375	1,739	174	55
North Kesteven E07000139	42,564	6,500	1,709	180	36
Bassetlaw E07000171	42,401	7,126	1,700	187	42
Gedling E07000173	42,225	7,213	1,888	188	37
Worthing E07000229	41,754	6,113	1,465	169	37
Rushcliffe E07000176	41,727	6,179	1,774	170	32
Chorley E07000118	41,664	6,660	1,646	128	33
Erewash E07000036	41,659	6,808	1,704	137	26
Dover E07000108	41,450	7,118	1,717	200	63
Tunbridge Wells E07000116	41,439	5,250	1,335	147	52
Hinckley and Bosworth E07000132	41,294	6,338	1,623	163	31
Sevenoaks E07000111	41,152	6,056	1,561	196	47
Wyre E07000128	41,131	7,612	1,810	184	32
Darlington E06000005	40,979	6,353	1,410	146	30
Fareham E07000087	40,912	6,015	1,556	130	26
West Oxfordshire E07000181	40,881	5,540	1,356	161	43
South Ribble E07000126	40,277	6,539	1,582	158	30
North Norfolk E07000147	40,076	6,577	1,570	127	24
Broxtowe E07000172	40,076	6,385	1,691	170	39
Rugby E07000220	39,978	5,387	1,424	169	55
Folkestone and Hythe E07000112	39,793	6,662	1,598	227	58
West Lancashire E07000127	39,556	6,996	1,756	195	30
Chesterfield E07000034	39,369	6,886	1,626	149	28
Welwyn Hatfield E07000241	39,197	5,373	1,397	187	55
Dartford E07000107	38,909	5,197	1,376	161	52
Crawley E07000226	38,502	5,377	1,371	207	45
Mansfield E07000174	38,465	7,351	1,980	193	41
Worcester E07000237	38,191	5,199	1,177	141	17
Eastbourne E07000061	37,981	6,074	1,367	159	29
Lichfield E07000194	37,844	6,077	1,555	127	27
South Derbyshire E07000039	37,747	5,883	1,414	169	27
Wyre Forest E07000239	37,619	6,071	1,462	144	24
North West Leicestershire E07000134	37,582	5,780	1,444	140	27
South Staffordshire E07000196	37,514	6,621	1,794	145	45
North East Derbyshire E07000038	37,446	6,670	1,723	128	20
Mid Suffolk E07000203	37,248	5,532	1,385	149	29
Fenland E07000010	36,583	5,954	1,359	138	48
Great Yarmouth E07000145	36,561	6,352	1,437	141	53
Lincoln E07000138	36,302	4,914	1,130	127	33
North Devon E07000043	36,048	5,587	1,366	161	35
Hertsmere E07000098	35,950	5,199	1,325	159	48
Lewes E07000063	35,900	6,022	1,572	171	23
Blaby E07000129	35,456	5,462	1,449	169	39
Cannock Chase E07000192	35,435	6,349	1,482	160	31
Woking E07000217	35,417	4,532	1,204	209	75
Spelthorne E07000213	35,301	5,042	1,236	184	44
West Lindsey E07000142	35,075	5,678	1,412	149	31
Tewkesbury E07000083	34,838	4,772	1,191	108	22
Cotswold E07000079	34,811	4,702	992	76	16
Gravesham E07000109	34,735	5,341	1,390	202	56
Rother E07000064	34,667	5,868	1,391	143	33
Staffordshire Moorlands E07000198	34,568	5,957	1,656	144	30
Hart E07000089	34,495	4,233	1,089	112	34
Denbighshire W06000004	34,311	6,271	1,587	182	36
Bromsgrove E07000234	34,258	5,382	1,471	125	29
High Peak E07000037	34,174	5,250	1,219	115	14
Watford E07000103	34,120	4,178	1,116	160	54
Harborough E07000131	34,114	4,825	1,281	143	50
Rushmoor E07000092	33,954	4,183	983	141	42
South Holland E07000140	33,911	5,276	1,342	142	32
Babergh E07000200	33,761	5,023	1,269	128	21
Monmouthshire W06000021	33,687	5,550	1,482	163	42
Broxbourne E07000095	33,633	4,921	1,099	162	35
Hastings E07000062	33,482	5,540	1,267	127	38
Hartlepool E06000001	33,154	6,238	1,354	140	41
Burnley E07000117	33,023	5,476	1,201	141	31
South Hams E07000044	32,528	5,284	1,332	153	35
Torfaen W06000020	32,213	6,366	1,464	161	37
Harlow E07000073	32,040	4,606	1,038	138	38
Pendle E07000122	31,578	5,098	1,193	143	54
East Cambridgeshire E07000009	31,549	4,403	1,086	131	34
Uttlesford E07000077	31,517	4,271	1,047	102	21
Mole Valley E07000210	31,416	4,433	1,113	140	37
Fylde E07000119	31,151	5,107	1,235	96	17
Three Rivers E07000102	31,000	4,388	1,252	163	55
Castle Point E07000069	30,885	5,095	1,241	140	28
Surrey Heath E07000214	30,870	3,917	1,065	120	36
Forest of Dean E07000080	30,821	4,985	1,250	125	37
Stevenage E07000243	30,513	4,657	1,138	158	45
Redditch E07000236	30,405	4,684	1,150	114	27
Gosport E07000088	30,096	4,580	1,110	110	26
Tandridge E07000215	30,067	4,272	1,134	119	31
Rochford E07000075	29,845	4,395	1,178	105	34
Mid Devon E07000042	29,724	4,535	1,215	119	40
Runnymede E07000212	29,706	4,003	940	143	47
Malvern Hills E07000235	29,005	4,608	1,156	105	18
Hyndburn E07000120	28,601	4,891	1,154	116	28
Bolsover E07000033	28,334	5,516	1,269	122	22
Brentwood E07000068	27,579	3,704	943	89	27
Tamworth E07000199	27,241	4,426	1,100	104	24
Derbyshire Dales E07000035	26,749	4,333	1,105	83	14
Epsom and Ewell E07000208	26,690	3,537	906	138	50
Rossendale E07000125	25,453	4,082	893	100	33
Isle of Anglesey W06000001	25,342	4,390	964	98	28
Ceredigion W06000008	25,243	4,351	1,132	130	36
Torridge E07000046	25,141	4,172	1,018	100	26
Boston E07000136	24,767	3,607	907	101	22
Blaenau Gwent W06000019	24,407	4,802	994	113	24
Maldon E07000074	23,021	3,764	966	116	33
Adur E07000223	22,978	3,687	888	105	21
North Warwickshire E07000218	22,602	3,951	924	84	19
Ribble Valley E07000124	22,488	3,286	885	76	11
Merthyr Tydfil W06000024	20,802	3,938	905	113	25
West Devon E07000047	20,360	3,439	898	90	31
Melton E07000133	18,999	2,798	726	61	16
Oadby and Wigston E07000135	18,570	3,035	858	123	32
Rutland E06000017	14,172	2,013	457	40	10
City of London E09000001	4,491	368	48	6	1
Isles of Scilly E06000053	790	111	37	3	1
Barnsley E08000038	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000016	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000016	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000016	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000016	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000016
Sheffield E08000039	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000019	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000019	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000019	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000019	given for its area before 1 April 2025, under E08000019

Download CSV Download JSON with full provenance

Map

No unpaid carers in household · 316 areas, each shaded by the fifth of the areas its figure falls in

790 to 35k
35k to 46k
46k to 58k
58k to 92k
92k to 352k

Boundaries: Council boundaries, May 2026, from the geography spine. Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026.

Source and licence

Publisher

Office for National Statistics (Census 2021)

Check it yourself

https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create

Licence

Open Government Licence v3.0 – Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Retrieved

1 November 2026, 12:16 UTC

Raw files fetched

https://api.beta.ons.gov.uk/v1/population-types/HH/census-observations?area-type=ltla23&dimensions=hh_carers_6aSHA-256 513d822bbe3ec33ab031b4adb6bf5f1d932a9125ca8c75ed7c009c1dd6abb767 · 590,511 bytes
https://api.beta.ons.gov.uk/v1/population-types/HH/dimensions?limit=500SHA-256 1d975dc4aefd42401ab90f911470590ac63e6faea9e8fd6f81b555127037b6d3 · 27,052 bytes

Verification

Verified against source, 1 November 2026, 12:19 UTC Run at 1 November 2026, 12:19 UTC; 1590 of 1590 figures matched the live source.

Result	Check	Detail
Pass	Provenance recorded	Office for National Statistics (Census 2021); Open Government Licence v3.0; retrieved 2026-11-01T12:16:08Z; 2 raw file(s)
Pass	Raw files match recorded SHA-256	2 of 2 files intact
Pass	Re-parsing raw files reproduces figures	1590 of 1590 figures and the headline reproduced
Pass	Figures are finite numbers	1590 figures, 0 invalid
Pass	Live source matches every figure	1590 of 1590 figures match exactly after downloading 2 source file(s) again (2 byte-identical); the headline matches
Pass	The ONS's answer for England and for Wales agrees	in 10 of 10 cells (a category in a nation) the councils sum to the nation's count at https://api.beta.ons.gov.uk/v1/population-types/HH/census-observations?area-type=ctry&dimensions=hh_carers_6a within twice the square root of the councils summed (2 exactly; the largest gap 0.32 of its limit), the Census's cell-by-cell perturbation
Pass	Source page answers	https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create – HTTP 200

Notes

Census Day was the 21st of March 2021. The ONS perturbs every count slightly to protect privacy, each cell on its own, so a council's categories can add up to a total a few people different from one topic to another, and its councils add up to England's and Wales's counts only within a few dozen.
By council as the ONS's Census API gives them, its lower-tier local authorities of 2023, with Barnsley's and Sheffield's figures under the codes they had until the 1st of April 2025, as the API gives them. Scotland's and Northern Ireland's censuses are separate, so their councils are not here.
Every council's categories together count all its households.
The ONS's description of the topic, “Number of unpaid carers in household (6 categories)”: An unpaid carer may look after, give help or support to anyone who has long-term physical or mental ill-health conditions, illness or problems related to old age. This does not include any activities as part of paid employment. This help can be within or outside of the carer's household.
The ONS's quality statement: We did not ask people aged under five years whether they provided unpaid care, so this variable counts usual residents aged five years and over.